Westward Cork Migration by Sail 1815-1860 by John Sutton

PART I CALENDAR OF CORK EMIGRANT SHIP SAILINGS 1815-60

– (port unknown) sailed for St John NB from Cork with emigrants arriving in June. – of Liverpool arrived at St John NB from Cork in late June with passengers after 35 days. – (port unknown) sailed for St Andrews NB from Cork 29 May with emigrants. – of London sailed for St Andrews NB from Cork 1 Jun with emigrants. Bank record (EISB Data Base) documented the Robert Watt arrival at St Andrews from Cork 4 Jul with emigrants, while The Ships List indicated 24 July. – of Saltcoats (Scotland) sailed for St Andrews via Halifax from Cork 20 Jun with 106 passengers. Arrived at St Andrews 3 August. – of New Brunswick sailed for St John NB from Cork 7 Aug with emigrants.

Townsend

Venus

William

Bark Robert Watt

Brig Clitus

Albion

RELATED NEWS and EVENTS * Cork Shipping News Marquis of Abercorn of Derry arrived in Lough Foyle from Quebec in September 1837

with timber. At 875t she was the largest Irish vessel afloat. Rajah sailed for Quebec from Cork 9 Jun with troops. * Rebellions in Lower and Upper Canada

Rebellions of 1837-38 against perceived undemocratic rule in British North America. The first rebellion in Nov 1837 was in Lower Canada near Montreal and led by Louis- Joseph Papineau and his Patriotes teamed with French-Canadian moderates against the Protestant Château Clique (mostly Protestant merchants, shipowners and bankers) who controlled the purse strings and who, in the opinion of the Patriotes , were intent on destroying their French way of life. The majority French population felt they were being treated as second class citizens. A second more violent Lower Canada rebellion would occur in November 1838. An Upper Canada rebellion was started by William Lyon Mackenzie, a newspaper publisher, and his anglophile followers in December 1837 against the Crown in Upper Canada protesting the Family Compact , an elitist group with over-reaching political power, that spent much of the revenue on their personal causes. These conflicts were resolved with the loss of 325 lives - all rebels but for 27 troops. Papineau and his supporters fled to the US. Mackenzie and his followers were defeated north of Toronto, and he too fled to the US. Both men were eventually pardoned, but some of the rebels were executed. These events resulted in an investigation by Lord Durham and his recommendation of the reunification of Upper and Lower Canada as the Province of Canada in 1841 . Other colonies would remain independent for some years. * The Panic of 1837. After a period of economic expansion overextended US banks experienced a run and were unable to cover their obligations. This failure was followed by an economic depression that extended into the 1840s, with increased unemployment and a decline in wages. How would European immigration into the USA be impacted? 1836 1837 1838 1839 1840 1841 1842 71,296. 75,699 35,913. 64,442. 80,244. 76,843. 100,561